Analysis of Blood and Tissue miR-191, miR-22, and EGFR mRNA as Novel Biomarkers for Breast Cancer Diagnosis

Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women. Micro RNAs have emerged as a biomarker for the diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer. Objectives: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate miR-191, miR-22, and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mRNA in peripheral blood and tissues of patients with breast cancer. Methods: A number of 100 peripheral blood samples (50 patient blood samples and 50 healthy blood samples) were collected. Also, 100 tissue samples were simultaneously collected from affected patients by a specialist including 50 samples from the center of the tumor and 50 samples from the side tissues of tumors. Immediately, RNA extraction and cDNA synthesis were performed and polymerase chain reaction (real-time polymerase chain reaction) was performed. Results: The data obtained from the present study showed that the blood and tissue levels of miR-191 and EGFR mRNA were significantly increased in breast cancer samples compared to the group of healthy samples and the blood and tissue levels of miR-22 were significantly decreased in breast cancer samples compared to the group of healthy samples. The miR-191 was increased in patients compared to normal individuals up to 2.3 (blood) and 2.16 (tissue) times, respectively. The miR-22 was decreased in patients compared to normal individuals up to 1.46 (blood) and 1.28 (tissue) times, respectively. Also, EGFR expression was increased in patients compared to normal individuals up to 70.2 (blood) and 24.2 (tissue) times, respectively. Conclusions: The present study can play role in determining the prognosis of breast cancer and in obtaining molecular diagnostic biomarkers in peripheral blood and tissues of patients with breast cancer.